Jakarta, ThedailyID — People with high myopia, or severe nearsightedness, often hear they should avoid lifting heavy weights. While the advice is not entirely wrong, experts say it does not apply to everyone.
Several studies have linked very heavy weightlifting to a higher risk of retinal detachment in some people with high myopia. However, researchers stress that the evidence shows an association, not direct causation.
High myopia occurs when the eyeball grows longer than normal. This causes light to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it. Over time, the condition can stretch and thin the retina, making it more vulnerable to tears.
A study published in the journal Epidemiology found that people who regularly performed heavy lifting had 4.4 times higher odds of developing retinal detachment than those who did not.
Researchers caution that the study does not prove weightlifting directly causes retinal detachment. Instead, it suggests heavy lifting may increase the risk in people who already have vulnerable retinas.
One possible explanation involves the Valsalva maneuver, a technique people often use when lifting heavy weights. Holding the breath while straining can temporarily increase pressure in the chest, veins, and inside the eye.
Scientists believe these pressure changes may increase the likelihood of retinal tears in people with weakened retinas. However, they say more research is needed to confirm the mechanism.
Experts emphasize that people with high myopia do not need to avoid exercise altogether.
Those with additional eye conditions, such as lattice degeneration, a history of retinal tears, or previous retinal detachment, should consult an eye specialist before starting high-intensity strength training.
Doctors can recommend safe exercise types and appropriate training intensity based on each person’s retinal condition. A retinal examination before beginning a heavy weightlifting program is also recommended for people with severe myopia.
